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As an
example, in this stage you will learn terms like reservation, hard
contract, assignment of contract, letter of credit, to name a few.
Even if you are new to investing, don’t let that intimidate you.
Whenever I teach a class on this topic, it only takes about 30 to 60
minutes to get everybody up to speed on this.
So how do you learn the mechanics of being a preconstruction real
estate investor? My suggestion is to take advantage of the free
resources available on the internet. For example, at
GetPreConstructionDeals.com we give a way a 30-page ebook about
preconstruction investing that will walk you through this basic
terminology and will give you some real world preconstruction real
estate project examples. Also, if you conduct an internet search on
“preconstruction” “preconstruction investing” “preconstruction
condo”, etc., you will find tons of websites with this type of
information readily available. Give yourself an evening or two and
you should be a master. Unfortunately, over 80% of new investors
stop after Step 1 and immediately want to look for “deals”. In my
opinion, this is a big mistake because they are lacking what
separates the beginning investor from the street-seasoned
preconstruction investor; the methodology to RAPIDLY pick “smart
investments”
FINDING PRECONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
If you did an internet search in Step 1 above, did you notice how
many real estate web sites you found with preconstruction
investments on them? If not, simply put in the term “Miami
preconstruction” in any internet search engine and you will see the
number of results. Here is a test for you. From the internet
searches done above, can you rapidly look at those projects and
choose which ones might be worthy of further investigation? Most
people become overwhelmed at this point whereas most savvy investors
could sort through most of these in a matter of minutes.
Over the years, in both the stock and the real estate markets, I
have had the opportunity to work with some truly outstanding
investors and I have also seen many, many beginners. When a beginner
looks at a preconstruction investment, they ask the real estate
person “How much will I likely make on this investment and should I
buy it?” When an experienced investor looks at the same investment,
they first ask THEMSELVES “Is this investment really low risk and if
so, how much money is really at risk?” Then they ask THEMSELVES “How
much money am I likely to make if this investment works?” In their
mind, they are trying to determine the amount of reward, relative to
the risk. They know that the person marketing this project is
UNLIKELY to think this way but they know how to ask the right
questions to quickly decide if this project has an acceptable
reward-to-risk ratio for THEMSELVES.
If you are reasonably new to investing, or have always counted on
others to make investment decisions for you, how do you perform Step
2? Simple. You must learn how a savvy investor thinks, how they
calculate risk, what back-up plans they have in place in case the
investment does not work, how they calculate reward, etc. None of
this is rocket science or even difficult to do. If you’re new to
preconstruction investing and are trying to do all this on your own,
it can be a daunting task, however. I find that truly savvy
investors are always talking to others, getting their opinions,
learning anything they can to make THEIR OWN decision. They know
that every little tidbit they can learn can literally mean several
10’s of thousands of dollars into
Practically, you need somebody to
mentor you that has “been to the dance” many times before. If you
know somebody in that category, buy them lunch, dinner, movie
tickets, whatever and ask if they would look over your shoulder. If
you know several people in this category, better yet. Your lunch
bills will be pricey but your education gained will be priceless.
In addition, learning to think like a savvy preconstruction investor
is the reason that we created our original home study course as well
as our more complete live teleseminar course. Many people don’t have
someone to turn to other than maybe the real estate person bringing
them the project. I personally find that most real estate
agents/brokers are fantastic resources for information, however most
do not analyze the investment like I would. If you ever find
yourself asking your agent or salesperson if “they really think you
should buy this,” then that is probably a good indication that you
are ill prepared. their own pockets.
No matter
how you accomplish it, learn to think like a savvy investor for
YOURSELF; it just is not that hard to do.
GROWING YOUR PORTFOLIO
Once you think like a pro in Step 2, you will have just created a
problem for yourself: you will probably find that few
preconstruction projects will fit your objectives. New investors
tend to think this is like the stock market….. When they are ready
to invest, you should just be able to plunk down your money and move
forward. Realistically, in the stock market and the preconstruction
market, TRUE OPPORTUNITIES appear when they are good and ready. When
that occurs, and only at that time, then the savvy investor will
pounce with lightning speed. Remember, for many people, a couple of
good investments PER YEAR is plenty and may then more investment
returns than they ever dreamed possible.
While this may be hard to imagine right now, after Step 2 you should
have a clear understanding of the type of investments that you would
consider. As an example, suppose you end up concluding that you
really like condo/town home projects, not on the beach, and in the
southeast. In addition, you want these investments in some emerging
markets but not necessarily those that have been explosive for a
long time. Great! Now start getting on lists of brokers/developers
that bring out those projects. If you can work with a group of like
minded people, all the better because you can share the workload and
also have additional clout because of a higher potential buying
power than just one individual.
I will caution you however that when you think like a savvy
investor, you are going to want a lot more information than is
typically provided by these types of sources. You will want a true
assessment of the local market (other than “boy has this been hot”),
you will want a true assessment of the amount of similar projects
that have been or are going to be offered, and you are going to want
to know a lot about who is buying these projects and why.
Because we like a lot of detail and because we know we have to move
very quickly for good investments, we have always found it better to
operate as a group, rather than one lone person trying to sort this
out after work. In addition, we have found that by pooling together
the buying power of a group we can get much better access to really
good investments.
It is for these reasons that we at GetPreConstructionDeals.com have
created our “Mastermind Group.” I hope this has given you an
understanding of the 3 steps needed to become a true preconstruction
investor. Some people will look at this and say that it is too hard,
or too time consuming. Yes it will take some time and some effort.
The question that I always ask them is then “How many hours in your
regular job would it take you to make some of the large $75,000+
returns that some preconstruction investors are making?”
Financing Options When buying a property
in a preconstruction process
When you are buying a property in a
preconstruction process, you will have two times when you may
consider financing:
1) When you go to hard contract; and
2) When (if) you close on the property.
In this article, we are going to look at both of these types of
financing.
At the time of going to hard contract, you will have to put down
anywhere from $1,000 to 30% of the project, with 20% typically being
the norm when this article was written. For many projects, all of
this money does not have to be in the form of cash but can be a
letter of credit instead.
So let's look at an example. Suppose you wish to acquire a
preconstruction condo price at $350,000. If 20% is required, then
this implies that you will need to bring $70,000 to this deal at the
hard contract stage. Of course, if you bring this in cash, then you
have tied up that amount of money for the duration of the
construction project.
What many investors do is obtain a line of credit from their local
bank. Depending upon the credit history of the investor, equity in
other projects and their home, and many other considerations, the
bank may be able to approve either a secure or unsecured line of
credit for you. Now, you simply put down some (or zero) cash towards
the hard money contract and then the bank provides a line of credit
for the remainder.
If an investor uses lines of credit, or home equity loans, or any
other leveraging techniques, they must be careful since if things do
not work out as expected, then they may suffer a devastating loss.
We always encourage any investor using large amounts of leverage to
thoroughly educated themselves on any possible risks before
undertaking such an activity.
After
construction is complete, if the property has not been flipped, then
investor must close the deal and make the balance payment. You must
prearrange for taking a loan or mortgage to make the balance payment
needed for closing the deal, because if you fail to pay and close
the process, you will lose your down payment.
Taking a loan for balance payment for your preconstruction project
is an easy job (if you have good credit) because the lenders or
financial institutions would take your condo as collateral for the
loan. However, before taking the loan for closing a preconstruction
purchase, you must make yourself aware about the different choices
available for financing.
Before you decide on the exact financing, you really have to
decide on your exit strategy for your investment. Your
considerations become:
Do I want to hold or flip?;
If flipping, do I want to hold for at least one year for tax reason or flip immediately;
Do you want to hold for equity appreciation; or
Do you want to hold for cash flow generation
While each of these subjects is much too complex for this article, let's look at some of the financing options that might fit the bill. These include
30-Year Fixed Interest Mortgage
Adjustable Rate Mortgages
Interest Only
Home Equity Lines Of Credit
So let's briefly review each of these.
30-Year Fixed Interest Mortgage
The 30-year fixed rate house mortgage was a favorite house mortgage option of the yesteryears because it assigns predictability to cost of purchasing. The 30-year fixed rate mortgage is probably the best finance option even these days because it has low monthly payment and you enjoy a never-changing monthly payment schedule. For this loan, you are making payments towards principle and interest.
Adjustable Rate Mortgages
Like the 30 year mortgage, these loans typically stretch over a period of 30 years but have a variable interest rate. The attraction is that the interest rate is lower initially than a 30 year fixed. As an example, a 3 year ARM (fixed for 3 years), has an interest rate today that is about 1% point lower than the 30 year fixed. If your plan is to hold for less than 3 years, this might be an excellent option. Hunt around to find the length of the ARM and the interest rates that make the most sense for you.
Interest Only Loans
The interest only loan is reasonably new on the scene and can also provide a VERY powerful tool for investors to keep their monthly payments low. In this case, you pay interest on the loan for a period of time after which you then pay interest + principle. During the interest only period, you can save a considerable amount of money on your monthly payment. Of course at the end of the interest only period, your payments will go up sharply since you have a smaller time window over which to repay the total principle.
Home Equity Lines
Another possible option is to use home equity lines. The attraction of these financing vehicles is that you can get very low interest payments. Unfortunately, these loans are tied to some pretty volatile measures of interest rate and can adjust on a MONTHLY basis so make sure you do your homework. It may be possible to use these loans on your primary residence or on the new investment property itself.
So no matter what options you decide for financing, there is two major requirements: 1) know your goals for exiting and 2) find a good mortgage broker who can guide you through the wide range of options.
The Preconstruction Process & How You Profit
The
preconstruction process is an innovative real estate investment
opportunity in which you buy tomorrow's property at today's price.
Preconstruction investing is a boon for the investor or buyer as
well as the developer or builder. The biggest advantage of
preconstruction process is that you can reserve your buy at
discounted prices without investing a fortune. You simply have to
make a small investment that is as low as 5% of the total cost to
reserve a unit and pay the balance on achievement of different
milestones.
For the buyer, preconstruction process provides an opportunity to
seal a property deal with little margin money and achieve sizable
discounts over the tentative price of the finished condos. For the
developer it is an opportunity to presale the entire property even
without laying a single brick and to procure a construction lending
with relative ease.
In the preconstruction process, property developers place the
building plans of a proposed real estate venture for pre-selling.
Only thing made available to the buyer are architectural rendering
and floor plans of the condominium, town house, or single family
residence. The good news is that preconstruction prices are normally
at an attractive discount of the proposed sale price of complete
units.
In theory, the buyer gets the discount because they displays the
grit and tenacity to invest on mere paper and "air". However, in
reality, they are getting discounts because the are a crucial piece
of the puzzle for the developer because pre-selling of a particular
percentage of the total units is a need for getting a prospective
lender to fund the construction process.
If you are interested in investing in preconstruction property, you
can check out the list of preconstruction offers available in your
locality in the newspapers, on the Internet or with your real estate
consultant; that is if you have those types of projects in your
locale. When you have the list, you can shortlist the offers that
are suitable according to your budget and needs. After that you must
run a thorough check on the property and the developer on many
issues. Certain key reasons are, the going and expected cost of the
similar units in that locality; demand supply factors; whether the
units are assignable and uniqueness of the property. You must also
check for the future or proposed development plans in the vicinity
to protect your view. This aspect is important because you might
choose to buy an apartment in a preconstruction process at a premium
due to the prefect view of lake or waterfront. However, after some
time you may find out that another developer is building a project,
which may blind your view.
After you
have satisfied yourself with the suitability and pricing of the
condominium, you can proceed for the reservation. Most
preconstruction properties have a nominal reservation amount, which
is normally 5-10% of the total cost and can go as low as $1,000. The
reservation process has a simple "Intent to Purchase Agreement" in
which you hold the right to first refusal. In this phase, you are
safe because your money is in escrow account and you can terminate
the agreement without any obligation. Of course, the developer is
not really bound to any prices yet at this stage either so both
sides are in a loose arrangement.
Once the developer gets the needed licenses and permissions and has
the legal authority to sell the units, you can enter into a hard
contract. At the time of signing the hard contract, you have to make
balance up-front payment. Usually, the upfront payment is 20% of the
total cost of completed unit but can be more or less. You can pay by
a direct deposit with the builder or through a letter of credit.
After signing the contract and making an up-front payment, you do
not have to make any other payment until the unit is ready and you
close the deal and take possession.
However, before signing a hard contract you must be careful because
by signing it, you are entering into a binding commitment to
purchase the unit, failing which the builder can forfeit your
deposit. In some states like Florida, you have a 15-day rescission
period during which you can withdraw from the hard-contract without
any obligations. Before signing the hard contract, you should check
to see if you have the rights to assign the property to a qualified
intermediary. If you would like to play safe, take a professional
opinion on the terms and conditions of hard-contract for
preconstruction purchase.
The construction phase normally lasts for 6 months to 2 years
(depending on project type) and you have an expiration date on the
hard-contract. If the builder fails to complete the construction and
handover the possession, you can claim for refunds and will have no
legal obligation to buy the unit. During the construction period as
the building would move towards completion, there is typically
several price increases but of course, you cannot absolutely count
on that happening. If you are able to find a suitable buyer prior to
closing, you can resell the unit and claim your profits on closing
of the deal.
If you have not assigned the contract until the completion, you will
have to close the unit. Closing in preconstruction process is
similar to all real estate deals and you have to make the balance
payment with additional payments like the association fee as
disclosed in the "Good Faith Estimate".
There are a lot of things to consider when entering into a
preconstruction investment and we strongly encourage you to learn
all the do's and don'ts. Hopefully this article has given you an
overview of the process.